The public domain refers to those works that are not copyright protected and that can be used freely, without seeking permission. There are a number of ways a work may pass into the public domain, including the following, though you should always check carefully to determine that a particular work really is in the public domain before assuming that you may use it. NOTE: Open Access resources are not necessarily in the public domain. Copyright status of Open Access articles needs to be determined on a case-by-case basis.